Ramp requirements

Requirements for ramps according to the new DBN V.2.2-40:2018 “Inclusivity of buildings and structures”

Ensuring barrier-free access to buildings and structures is an important component of an inclusive environment. In 2018, updated building codes DBN V.2.2-40:2018 “Inclusivity of Buildings and Structures” came into force in Ukraine. They establish modern accessibility requirements, in particular regarding the arrangement of ramps. In this article, we will consider the main requirements for ramps in accordance with the new standards.

Main parameters of ramps

1. Ramp width

According to DBN V.2.2-40:2018, the minimum width of the ramp should be 1.2 m. This allows comfortable movement of a person in a wheelchair and ensures the safety of users. For places with a large flow of people, it is recommended to increase the width to 1.8 m.

2. Ramp angle

The angle of inclination depends on the length:

• up to 0.8 m – 10% (1:10);
• 0.8–3.0 m – 8% (1:12);
• over 3.0 m – 5% (1:20).

If the slope exceeds these values, alternative means of lifting must be provided (for example, lifts or elevators). It is also important to avoid slopes that are too steep, as this can create a danger for people with disabilities.

3. Ramp length and intermediate platforms

The maximum length of one span without intermediate platforms is 9 m. If the ramp is longer, horizontal platforms of at least 1.5 m in length must be arranged every 6 m. In addition, a place for a wheelchair to turn around must be provided on these platforms, especially in cases of complex architectural solutions.

4. Handrails and bumpers

For the safety of users, handrails must be installed on both sides of the ramp at two levels:

• at a height of 0.7 m for children and people of short stature;
• at a height of 0.9 m for other users.

The handrails must be continuous, with rounded ends, convenient for gripping. Bumpers with a height of at least 5 cm are also required to prevent the wheels of the wheelchair from accidentally slipping off. It is important that the handrails are made of materials that are resistant to weather conditions and corrosion.

5. Surface

The surface of the ramp should be non-slip, durable and water-resistant. It is recommended to use corrugated or rough materials that prevent slipping even in rainy or winter weather. It is also necessary to avoid using materials that can heat up under the influence of sunlight to prevent injury to users.

6. Lighting and contrast

The ramps should be well lit in the dark. It is advisable to highlight the edges of the ramp and the handrails in a contrasting color so that people with visual impairments can easily recognize them. It is important that the lighting does not create sharp shadows that can make it difficult to navigate the terrain.

7. Protective elements

For additional safety, it is recommended to install tactile warning strips at the beginning and end of the ramp. They help people with visual impairments to determine the limits of the ramp. In addition, such strips should comply with the standards of the international Braille system, which significantly increases the level of accessibility.

8. Additional requirements for public places

In public places, it is necessary to ensure convenient access to ramps, avoiding obstacles in the form of parking spaces, benches or advertising structures. It is also important that ramps comply with load standards, since they can be used not only by people with disabilities, but also by parents with strollers or the elderly.

Conclusion

The updated building codes DBN V.2.2-40:2018 significantly improve the accessibility of buildings and structures. Compliance with the requirements for ramps contributes to the creation of a comfortable and safe environment for all citizens, including people with disabilities. Compliance with these standards not only complies with legislative norms, but also helps society move towards inclusivity and equal opportunities for all. Thanks to proper planning and high-quality execution of construction works, ramps can become not only a necessary functional element, but also part of an aesthetic and harmonious urban environment.