Hangar Ventilation

A hangar is a building that can be assembled relatively quickly using prefabricated components. Hangars are used for storage, manufacturing, vehicle maintenance, and covered parking, and may also incorporate office areas.

A properly designed ventilation system helps maintain suitable indoor air quality and supports the required environmental conditions. Temperature and humidity control may also require heating, cooling, humidification, or dehumidification, depending on the building’s use.

Types of Hangar Ventilation

Natural Ventilation

Natural ventilation uses wind pressure and temperature differences between indoor and outdoor air to move air through the building.

It does not require powered fans, but it does require suitable air inlets and outlets, such as wall openings, louvres, or roof vents.

Its performance depends on weather conditions, the position and size of the openings, and the building layout. Although airflow can be influenced by adjustable openings, natural ventilation alone cannot reliably maintain a constant air exchange rate or a specified humidity level under all conditions.

Mechanical Ventilation

Mechanical ventilation uses fans to supply or extract air. The system is selected according to the building’s intended use and may include:

• Mechanical supply and extract ventilation with filtration: Filters are selected according to the outdoor air quality and the contaminants to be controlled.
• Automatically controlled supply and extract ventilation: Sensors and controls adjust system operation in response to parameters such as temperature and humidity. Additional air-treatment equipment is required where ventilation alone cannot maintain the specified conditions.
• Extract ventilation: Fans remove air from the building or designated areas, with suitable replacement air provided through planned inlets or a mechanical supply system.
• An integrated climate-control system: Ventilation is combined with heating, cooling, and humidity control where required.

Mechanical ventilation provides more predictable airflow than natural ventilation, provided it is correctly designed, operated, and maintained. Its performance still depends on equipment capacity, outdoor conditions, and a reliable electricity supply.

Operating costs include electricity, filter replacement, inspection, cleaning, and maintenance.

Ventilation Requirements for Hangars

Ventilation design in Ukraine should follow DBN V.2.5-67:2013, “Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning,” together with the applicable requirements for the building’s use and any relevant amendments.

The design should address the following:

• Control of odours and contaminants: Ventilation must be selected to control emissions associated with the activities inside the building. Where contaminants are generated at a specific source, local extraction may be required in addition to general ventilation.
• Supply air quality: Outdoor air intake locations and filtration must be selected to meet the applicable air quality requirements. For mechanical ventilation supplying production and administrative-service premises, Clause 7.1.12 specifies a dust concentration limit of 30% of the maximum permissible concentration in workplace air. This must not be presented as a universal limit for every contaminant or building type.
• Protection of entrances and large openings: Air curtains or heated air curtains may be required depending on the entrance arrangement, operating conditions, and applicable provisions. The required indoor temperature must be established for the specific premises; 12°C should not be presented as a universal minimum for every hangar whenever a door opens.

The required airflow, air distribution, filtration, and control strategy should be determined from the occupancy, processes, heat and moisture loads, and pollutants present in the building.